The Foundation recently released the following new research reports:
Collecting, Exploring, and Interpreting Microbiological Data Associated with Reclaimed Water Systems: A Guidance Manual (WRF-04-012): This manual provides users with a context for collecting, exploring, and interpreting microbiological data associated with reclaimed water. Basic concepts are presented to facilitate collection of meaningful data with an emphasis on the design of sampling programs, data interpretation, and statistical analysis.
The Effects of Salinity on the Removal of Contaminants of Concern during Biological Water Reclamation (WRF-05-008): Conventional wastewater treatment operations are dependent on the settleability of biosolids. The primary hypothesis evaluated during this study was that sorption of hydrophobic compounds will be influenced by bioflocculation and that increasing the M/D ratio will decrease sorptive capacity. The results indicate that increasing the M/D ratio does have the potential to reduce the sorption of hydrophobic compounds during water reclamation.
Formation and Fate of Chlorination Byproducts in Desalination Systems (WRF-05-011): The objective of this study was to assess the occurrence of contaminants in water produced by desalination systems. The report includes a comprehensive review of chlorine disinfection byproducts in desalination systems; studies of their formation after chlorination of seawater from different locations; removal of chlorine disinfection byproducts in a pilot-scale seawater desalination system; and the formation of disinfection byproducts after chlorination of desalinated water.
A Reconnaissance-Level Quantitative Comparison of Reclaimed Water, Surface Water, and Groundwater (WRF-02-008): This study found that reclaimed water, surface water, and groundwater were more similar than dissimilar when tested for the presence of 244 representative constituents. When detected, most constituents were in the parts per billion and parts per trillion ranges. The largest difference between reclaimed water and the other waters appears to be that reclaimed water has been disinfected and thus has disinfection by-products.
To order hardcopies of these reports, click here.